Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables

Creators

• Joshua D. Angrist, author
• Guido W. Imbens, author
• Donald B. Rubin, author

Canon Rationale

A core causal-inference and econometrics paper, included for instrumental variables, treatment effects, and the modern design-based causal-inference canon.

Evidence

• citation context: Angrist, Imbens, and Rubin, 'Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables,' Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1996.
• field survey: The Nobel Prize, scientific background on methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships, 2021.

Audit Flags

version dependency, epistemic status required